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    Pharmacognosy Communications
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    Pharmacognosy Communications
    retyeyutreu
    Research Letter

    Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of Syzygium australe and Syzygium leuhmannii fruit extracts

    wadmin2By wadmin2January 13, 2014Updated:August 10, 2021No Comments2 Mins Read
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    C. Sautrona, I.E. Cockb,c*
    aEcole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs en Développement Agroalimentaire Intégré, Université de la Réunion, Parc Technologique, 2 rue Joseph
    Wetzell, 27490 Sainte Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion.
    bEnvironmental Futures Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.
    cBiomolecular and Physical Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.

    Pharmacognosy Communications,2014,4,1,53-60.
    DOI:10.5530/pc.2014.1.8
    Published:January 2014
    Type:Research Letter

    ABSTRACT

    Introduction: Many species of Syzygium are known to have antiseptic activity. Several Australian Syzygium species had roles as traditional bush medicines for Australian Aborigines although their antiseptic potential has not been rigorously studied. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Syzygium australe and Syzygium leuhmannii fruits were investigated by disc diffusion assay against a panel of bacteria and fungi and their MIC values were determined. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: The methanolic extracts of the fruit of both Syzygium species displayed the greater antibacterial activity of the extracts tested. S. australe generally had greater efficacy than the S. leuhmannii extracts. S. australe and S. leuhmannii fruit methanolic extract inhibited the growth of 13 (93%) and 12 (86%) of the 14 bacteria tested. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were both susceptible, although a slightly greater susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria was noted. Nine (90%) and 8 (80%) of the 10 Gram-negative bacteria had their growth inhibited by S. australe and S. leuhmannii fruit methanolic extract extracts respectively. In contrast, methanolic extracts of both species inhibited growth of 100% of the Gram-positive bacteria tested. None of the extracts displayed broad antifungal activity. Indeed, none of the extracts inhibited the growth of A. niger or C. albicans. Only S. cerevisiae growth was affected and then only by the chloroform and hexane extracts. The methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of both Syzygium species were toxic in the Artemia franciscana bioassay, inducing significant mortality at <1000 μg/ml. Conclusions: The inhibitory bioactivity of S. australe against the bacterial panel validate Australian Aboriginal usage of S. australe leaves as antiseptic agents and confirms their medicinal potential, although care is needed in the uses of these extracts for these purposes due to their reported toxicity.

    Keywords: Syzygium australe, Syzygium leuhmannii, Australian plants, antibacterial activity, medicinal plants, toxicity.

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    About Journal

    Pharmacognosy Communications [Phcog Commn.] is a quarterly journal published by Phcog.Net. It is a peer reviewed journal aiming to publish high quality original research articles, methods, techniques and evaluation reports, critical reviews, short communications, commentaries and editorials of all aspects of medicinal plant research. The journal is aimed at a broad readership, publishing articles on all aspects of pharmacognosy, and related fields. The journal aims to increase understanding of pharmacognosy as well as to direct and foster further research through the dissemination of scientific information by the publication of manuscripts. The submission of original contributions in all areas of pharmacognosy are welcome.
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