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    Pharmacognosy Communications
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    Pharmacognosy Communications
    retyeyutreu
    Original Article

    Antiviral Activity of Dicrocephala Integrifolia (Kuntze) Against Herpes Simplex Type-1 Virus: An in vitro Study

    wadmin2By wadmin2April 9, 2018Updated:August 12, 2021No Comments2 Mins Read
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    Antony Letoyah Yiaile1,2*, James Mucunu Mbaria2, Isaac Mpapuluu Ole-Mapenay2, Mitchel Otieno Okumu2, Abdi Hussein Hadun2, Jared Misonge Onyancha3
    1Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, KENYA.
    2Department of Pharmacy, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, P.O Box 849-40100, Kisumu, KENYA
    3Department of Pharmacy, University Health Services, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 861-20500, Narok, KENYA.

    Pharmacognosy Communications,2018,8,2,81-85.
    DOI: 10.5530/pc.2018.2.16
    Published: January 2018
    Type: Original Article

    ABSTRACT

    Introduction: At present, acyclovir is commercially available as the drug of choice for managing herpes simplex type I (HSV-1) viral infection. However, the high prevalence of the infection coupled with the emergence of resistant viral strains has limited its effectiveness. Thus, the development of novel antiviral agents is crucial. Practitioners of herbal medicine in Kenya make use of Dicrocephala integrifolia (DI) for the management of several diseases including viral infections. However, information on the efficacy of this plant against HSV-1 viral infection is not available. The aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro antiviral activity of crude extracts of DI against HSV-1. Methods: Leaves, roots, flowers and stems of DI were extracted using water (W) and methanol (ME) and qualitatively screened to identify the phytoconstituents present. Furthermore, the anti HSV-1 activity of the obtained extracts was evaluated on Vero cell lines using the 3-[4, 5 dimethylthiazol- 2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and 50% effective concentration (EC50) of each extract was determined using regression analysis. The effects of crude DI extracts on adsorption and post-adsorption stages of the HSV-1 replication cycle was evaluated against acyclovir using a cytopathogenic inhibition assay. Results: Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were found to be present in the extracts. The CC50 values of the aqueous DI extracts was in the range 71.31 ± 2.65 to >100 μg/ml compared to >100 μg/ml of acyclovir. The EC50 values of crude extracts of DI on the pre-adsorptive phase of HSV-1 activity was in the range 54.45±3.45 to >100μg/ml compared to 4.772±7.81μg/ml of acyclovir whilst the EC50 value of the crude extracts of DI on the post-adsorptive phase of HSV-1 activity was in the range 45.270±4.31 to >100μg/ml compared to >100μg/ml of acyclovir. Conclusion: The results suggest that crude extracts of DI may be a reservoir of phytochemicals with potentially good efficacy against HSV-1.

    Key words: Dicrocephala integrifolia, in vitro, Cytotoxicity, Antiviral activity, HSV-1.

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    About Journal
    About Journal

    Pharmacognosy Communications [Phcog Commn.] is a quarterly journal published by Phcog.Net. It is a peer reviewed journal aiming to publish high quality original research articles, methods, techniques and evaluation reports, critical reviews, short communications, commentaries and editorials of all aspects of medicinal plant research. The journal is aimed at a broad readership, publishing articles on all aspects of pharmacognosy, and related fields. The journal aims to increase understanding of pharmacognosy as well as to direct and foster further research through the dissemination of scientific information by the publication of manuscripts. The submission of original contributions in all areas of pharmacognosy are welcome.
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