Hematopoietic Effect of Amaranthus cruentus Extract on Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Rats

Introduction: Amaranthus cruentus (Amaranthaceae) is one of the popularly grown leafy vegetables in the Indian subcontinent. The leaves of the plant are rich in polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins and betalains. The plant is also rich in protein, calcium, iron, as well as vitamins A, E, C and folic acid. The present work was undertaken to evaluate the anti-anemic effects of Amaranthus cruentus. Methods: An ethanol extract of Amaranthus cruentus was prepared and the of folic acid, ascorbic acid, iron, polyphenol and flavonoid contents were estimated. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was determined according to OECD guideline-423 at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg. Cyclophosphamide (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce anemia in rats. After anemia induction, animals were treated with standard preparation (Ferritop Syrup) and the extract. Results: Amaranthus cruentus extract significantly aided to restore the levels of RBCs, WBCs, hemoglobin and increased hematocrit levels. Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that Amaranthus cruentus is a rich source of phytochemicals that demonstrate hematopoietic effects.