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    Pharmacognosy Communications
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    Pharmacognosy Communications
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    Research Letter

    Antimicrobial activity of Callistemon citrinus and Callistemon salignus methanolic extracts

    wadmin1By wadmin1July 1, 2012Updated:August 7, 2021No Comments2 Mins Read
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    Ian Edwin Cock1,2*

    1Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
    2Environmental Futures Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.

    Pharmacognosy Communications,2012,2,3,50-57.
    DOI:10.5530/pc.2012.3.11
    Published: July 2012
    Type: Research Letter

    ABSTRACT

    Introduction: Australian Callistemon species had a role as traditional bush medicine for Australian Aborigines, including use as an antiseptic agent. Despite this ethnobotanical usage, the antimicrobial properties of Callistemon spp. have not been rigorously studied. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of Callistemon citrinus and Callistemon salignus were investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of bacteria and fungi. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: C. citrinus leaf extracts inhibited the growth of 43% and flower extracts inhibited the growth of 64% of the bacteria tested, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria (100% inhibited) were more susceptible to C. citrinus extracts than were Gram-negative bacteria (27% inhibited by leaf extracts; 55% inhibited by flower extracts). In comparison, C. salignus leaf extract inhibited the growth of 29% of the bacteria tested compared with 43% inhibited for the flower extract. Gram-positive bacteria (100% inhibited) were more susceptible to C. salignus leaf extract than were Gram-negative bacteria (9% inhibited). Similar results (27% Gram-negative bacteria inhibited and 100% Gram-positive bacterial inhibition) were also seen for C. salignus flower extract. Very little antifungal activity was seen for any extract with only C. albicans being inhibited by C. salignus leaf extract. The antibacterial activity of the C. citrinus and C. salignus flower extracts was further investigated by growth time course assays. These extracts showed significant growth inhibition activity in cultures of Bacillus cereus, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis within 1 hour. All extracts displayed low toxicity in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Conclusions: The low toxicity of these Callistemon extracts and their inhibitory bioactivity against a panel of bacteria validates Australian Aboriginal usage of Callistemon citrinus and Callistemon salignus as antiseptic agents and confirms their medicinal potential.

    Key Words: Callistemon citrinus, Callistemon salignus, Australian plants, antibacterial activity, medicinal plants, toxicity

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    About Journal

    Pharmacognosy Communications [Phcog Commn.] is a quarterly journal published by Phcog.Net. It is a peer reviewed journal aiming to publish high quality original research articles, methods, techniques and evaluation reports, critical reviews, short communications, commentaries and editorials of all aspects of medicinal plant research. The journal is aimed at a broad readership, publishing articles on all aspects of pharmacognosy, and related fields. The journal aims to increase understanding of pharmacognosy as well as to direct and foster further research through the dissemination of scientific information by the publication of manuscripts. The submission of original contributions in all areas of pharmacognosy are welcome.
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